Article Processing Charges

The APC for this journal is US $500.

The APC is only charged after the manuscript is formally accepted for publication, covering peer review management, editorial processing, typesetting, long-term open-access maintenance, platform operation, and global dissemination costs.

The publisher publicly discloses the latest standard APC tariff on the official website, with no hidden fees, submission fees, or review fees. For authors from economically disadvantaged regions or public welfare research projects, authors could apply discount or waiver to the publisher.